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This article covers the key aspects of the 5G Downlink Demodulation Reference Signal (DL DMRS). The following topics will be discussed: 1. DMRS for PDCCH Function 2. DMRS for PBCH Function 3. DMRS for PDSCH Function 4. Walk through DMRS parameters for PDSCH 1. Configuration Type 1 and Type 2:
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Introduction: This Article will cover most of the related aspects and details about the 5G Channel State Information Reference Signal ( CSI-RS) The following will be substituted in this article 1. What are CSI-RS's Main Functions? 2. CSI-RS Key Characteristic. 3. CSI-RS Types & Categories.(NZP, ZP & CSI
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Content: This Article will help to solidify the basic understanding of 4G & 5G Basic QoS Parameters and related UE Identities. The following is covered in this Article: 1. Introduction about QoS 2. QoS Parameters Explanation 1. 4G QoS Class Identifier (QCI) and 5G QoS Identifier (5QI) 2. 4G &
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In this article will cover important information about 5G Sounding reference signal. The article will cover the following: 1. What is the Sounding Reference Signal? 2. What are Sounding Reference Signal Functions? 3. How to check SRS UE Capability from UE Logs 4. What it means by Antenna Switching? 5.
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In this article, I will address and review the Key technology differences between 4G and 5G; I believe reading this topic is crucial, especially if you have a good background in 4G and have just started your 5G studying. This article will cover the differences between 4G & 5G for
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This article will cover the main challenges and gains observed during 5G Stand-alone deployment, especially during the initial phase of the 5G Standalone network where the 5G SA Capable devices are still low and only one carrier is being used for 5G Standalone. Why 5G SA Offers less DL User
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This article explains why 5G ANR is not triggered and does not work whenever SIB1 is disabled in the 5G Non-Standalone network. The below figure shows the signaling flow for NR PSCell changes in 5G NSA Network. 1. The UE sends a measurement report for the frequency specified by the
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In this article, I will give a quick guide on how to Map the measurement report sent by UE to the related events Type reported by the BTS to the UE in the RRC Reconfiguration message, which is very important during Handover related signaling analysis. The below figure shows the
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This article will cover some vital information regarding 4G & 5G UE Capability messages. It is important to highlight that UE Capability message is essential in Network troubleshooting, feature testing, and new devices benchmarking and testing; that is why it is necessary to get yourself familiar with UE Capability information
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This article will cover 5G Standalone challenges and other considerations that should be addressed to all related stakeholders before moving from 5G NSA to a 5G Standalone network. (1) 5G Standalone will Offer less DL User throughput compared with Non-Standalone 5G Standalone will offer less speed compared with 5G NSA
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SSB Beam Sweeping * Beam sweeping is a new concept newly introduced in 5G where g-NodeB can transmit a sequence of SSB beams in a different direction. * Simply, gNB can transmit a sequence of SSB beams; beam sweeping is implemented by changing the direction of each SSB Transmission. * All beams are
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1- How many architectures do we have in 5G NSA & SA?, and why is Option 3X the preferred option in NSA? 5G NSA has mainly three options: Option 3, 3a, and 3X; Option 3x is preferred to overcome the drawback associated with options 3 and 3a. Let’s go